Hydrocarbon-motor.



S. D. WALDON.

HYDROCARBON MOTOR.

APPLICATIor.' FILED Nov.1.1913.

15 3.4.4..5M0 Patented June 29,1915.

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ySIDNEY D. WALDON, OF DETROIT, MICHIGN, ASSIG-NOR T0 PACKARD MOTOR CAR COMPANY, OIF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION F MICHIGAN.

HYDROCARBON-MOTOR.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented J une 29, 1915.

Application led November 1, 1913. Serial No. 798,694.

` a citizen of the United States, and resident of Detroit, Wayne county, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Motors, of which the following is a specification.

` This invention relates to hydrocarbon motors and particularlyto the cylinder, piston and connected parts.

It is well known, in hydrocarbon motors, that on the compression and exhaust or up strokes of the piston, the latter tends, by reason of the angularity of the connecting rod and the pressure on top of the piston, to press closely against one side of the cylinder, and all of the clearance if any, between the piston and cylinder, is at the opposite side. On the intake or first down stroke there is probably little change in this respect as the piston is being pulled down by the connecting rod, unless perhaps the top of the piston may be rocked across to -the opposite side by reason of the change in angularity of the connecting rod at the top of the stroke. But on the firing or second down stroke, that is, the stroke following the compression stroke, as soon as the crank pin passes dead center and the explosion occurs the side pressure on the piston is immediately transferred from one side of the cylinder to the other, and if there is looseness in the piston, that is, appreciable clear. ance between the piston and cylinder as when the motor is cold, what is termed a piston slap results. In other words, this Hopping of the piston from one side ofV the cylinder directly to the other at the moment of explosion causes a sharp click which is objectionable in motorsfor use in motor vehicles where quietness is very desirable. This piston slap is usually more noticeable when the motor is cold, as when starting, and frequently disappears after the motor has warmed up due to the expansion of the piston and consequent elimination of clearance between the piston and' cylinder.

As Vis well known, the piston of a hydrocarbon motor is connected to the motorcrankn shaft through a connecting rod which is journaled at its big end on the crank pin and at its smaller end on the piston pin. In these connections slight play is usually allowed to permit the piston to adjust itself 1n the cylinder endwise of the piston pin.

. One of the objects of the present invention 1s to so construct the piston and the adjacent `parts that the piston will tend toslide in closer Contact with the cylinder wall along the line of one end of the piston pin than along the line at the opposite end thereof.

Another object of the invention is to produce a motor in which the piston in transferring from one side of the cylinder to the other, as at the beginning of the firing stroke, will do so by a sliding movement around one end of the piston pin instead of Jumping directly across as heretofore.

These and other objects of the invention are obtained in the motor illustrated in the drawings forming a part of this specification. and in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through a motor embodying one form of this invention; Fig. 2 is similar to Fig. 1 with the lower part omitted and showing another form of the invention; and Fig. 3 is another View of themotor shown in Fig. 2 illustrating the close lit of the piston and cylinder in a heated condition of the motor.

Referring to the drawings, 10 represents the motor base or crank case and 11 is the crank shaft mounted in bearings 12. The crank shaft is shown as having several throws and the cheeks 13 are connected by suitable crank pins as at 14.

. Mounted upon the crank case and suitably connected thereto is the motor cylinder 15, which may have the usual 'water jacket 16 Vand other attachments and valves, not

The' trunk piston 17 is shown in vention shown in Fig. 1, the bushing 24 is formed with an end flange 25 which just iills the space between the end 23 of the c011- necting rod and the internal boss 26 of the piston when the latter is in close contact with the cylinder wall in line with `that end of the piston pin which is journaled in said boss 26. Thus the piston is so held throughout its reciprocation except as the pressure on top of the piston, due either to compression of a charge or explosion thereof, may tend tobring the piston into still closer c ontact with the cylinder at 90 from said line, and when the piston moves across the cylmder at the beginning ofthe ring stroke, instead of Hopping directly across as in previous constructions, it slides around the wall of the cylinder and is at all times in close contact with some part of it. It will be understood that there will be a slight 'yielding of the connecting rod to permit the piston to move slightly endwise of the piston pin as on the explosion stroke, but this is hardly appreciable due to the length of the connecting rod and the small degree of movement of theA piston, the latter being` only a few thousandths of an inch at most. As shown in Fig. 1 the piston is in close contact with the cylinder wall on the line of the right hand end of the piston pin and the clearance at the opposite side ofthe piston is shown at 27, greatly exaggerated of course, for clearness.

In Figs. 2 and 3, another form of the invention is shown, all the parts being the same as in Fig. 1 except that the filling iiange 25 is omitted and a coil spring 28 substituted therefor. This spring 28 surrounds part of the upper end of the connecting rod and presses the boss and consequently the piston toward the right, thus yieldingly tending to maintain the piston against one side of the cylinder in the direction of the piston pin. Of course the piston is subject to sliding around the cylinder wall when there is pressure on top of it, as above pointed out, but the tendency of the spring 28, and of the connecting rod 21 against the upper end of which it acts, is to press the piston yieldingly endwise of the piston pin.

It willy be understood that if the t between the piston and the cylinder is'so loose, either intentionally or by reason of wear, that there is a perceptible movement of the piston across the cylinder at the beginning of'the firing stroke even after the motor has warmed up, the spring 28 will act constantly to prevent piston slap but in most cases the slap occurs'only when the motor is cold, and as soon as it is heated up,'the fit is closer as shown in Fig". 3 where Ythere is no perceptible clearance, and the spring 28 then has no work to perform. It will also vbe understood that the invention is not limited to the exact details shown, as it will be apparent that changes and other modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patcylinder and piston therein, of means tending to cause the piston vto lie closer to the cylinder wall along the line of one end of the piston pin.

3. In a motor, the combination with the crank case and the cylinder thereon, the crank shaft, piston and connecting rod, said piston sliding inthe cylinder with the side adjacent one end of the piston pin tending to closer contact with the cylinder wall than the opposite side thereof.

4. In a motor, the combination with the crank case and the cylinder thereon, the crank shaft, piston, and connectingl rod, of means for yieldingly pressing the piston against one side of the cylinder, longitudinally of the crank shaft.

5. In a motor, the combination with the crank case and the cylinder thereon, the crank shaft, piston and connecting rod, of means between the upper end of the connecting rod and the piston for yieldingly pressing the piston against one side of the cylinder, longitudinally of the crank shaft.

6. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the crank case and the cylinder thereon, the crank shaft, piston and connecting rod, of means for yieldingly ressing the piston against one side of the cy der in the direction of the piston pin.

7. I n a hydrocarbon motor, the combinationA with the crank case and the cylinder thereon, the crank shaft, piston and connecting rod, lof means including the connecting rod as an element for yieldingly pressing the piston against one side of the cylinder in the direction of the piston pin.

8. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the cylinder, connecting rod and piston, of a spring arranged between the connecting rod and piston for pressin the piston yieldingly against one side ,o the cylinder.

9. In a motor, the combination with the crank case and the cylinder-thereon, the crank shaft, piston and connecting rod,' of mechanical means for yieldingly pressing the piston against one side of the cylinder in the direction of the piston pin.

10. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the crank shaft, the cylinder mounted above the crank shaft, the piston Vin the cylinder, and a connecting rod having In testimony whereof I affix my signature a bearing on the crank pin of the crank' in the preeenoe of tWo Witnesses. shaft at one end and connected to the piston by a piston pin at the other end, of means SIDNEY D' WALDON 5 tending yeldingly to move the piston end Witnesses:

of the connecting rod relative` to the piston E. F. ALEXANDER,

in the direction of the piston pin. LE R01 J. WILLIAMS.A 

